The Flemish School refers to the flourishing of painting in the Low Countries (modern-day Belgium and parts of the Netherlands) from the 1400s through the 1600s. It begins with the meticulous realism of the Early Netherlandish masters such as Jan van Eyck and Rogier van der Weyden, who perfected oil painting techniques to achieve extraordinary detail, luminous color, and symbolic richness in religious and portrait works.

In the 16th and 17th centuries, the tradition evolved into the dynamic, theatrical Baroque style of artists like Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck. Their paintings are known for dramatic movement, rich color, emotional intensity, and grand historical or mythological themes.

Overall, the Flemish School is celebrated for its technical mastery, vivid realism, and its powerful influence on European art.